Table 2. Authors’ names, STROBE score, location of study, gender distribution, and aetiology of injury
From: Epidemiology of maxillofacial injury among adults in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review
Author and date | STROBE Score | Country of study | Male/female ratio | The major cause of injury (%) | 2nd major cause of injury | Interpersonal violence (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agbara et al. (2018) | 20 | Nigeria | 5.2:1 | Road traffic crashes (86.5%). Vehicular crashes = 55%, Motorcycle crashes = 44.6% | Assault (5.3%) | N/A |
Agbara et al. (2021) | 20 | Nigeria | 8.8:1 | Road traffic-related accident (74.2), 50.9% of this = motorcycle | Assault (N/A) | N/A |
Agbor et al. (2014) | 17 | Cameroon | 1.8:1 | Only commercial motorcycle accident | Not specified | N/A |
Akhiwu et al. (2015) | 13 | Nigeria | 3.2:1 | RTC only. Motorcycle related (54). Motor vehicle related (38) | Not specified | N/A |
Bernard et al. (2012) | 16 | Kenya | 3.3:1 | Motor vehicle accidents (44.6) | Interpersonal violence (39.1) | 39.1 |
Chalya et al. (2011) | 15 | Tanzania | 2.7:1 | Road Traffic Crash (57.1) | Assault (16.2) | 16.8 |
Kiprop (2019) | 21 | Kenya | 7.2:1 | Interpersonal Violence (42.5) | Road Traffic Collision (40.1) | 42.5 |
Famurewa et al. 2021 | 18 | Nigeria | 7.3:1 | Road Traffic Collision (83). Bike = 40% | Assault (12) | 12 |
Kamulegeya et al. (2009) | 19 | Uganda | 7.7:1 | Road traffic collision: (56.06%) | Assault (34.84%) | N/A |
Kileo (2012) | 20 | Tanzania | 8.8:1 | Road Traffic Accident (64.2). Motorcycle = 53.4% | Assault (19) | N/A |
Krishnan et al. (2017) | 18 | Uganda | 12:1 | Road Traffic Accident (49.1) | Assault (N/A) | N/A |
Kuye and Olufemi (2022) | 19 | Nigeria | 3:1 | RTA (66). (Motor bike= 41), Vehicle accident (= 25) | Assault (20) | N/A |
Majambo et al. (2013) | 17 | Rwanda | 2.2:1 | Road Traffic accident (59.9). Motorcycle = 24.7, motor vehicle = 20.9 | Fall (17.6) | Assault (7.7) |
Mogajane et al. (2018) | 17 | South Africa | 4.5:1 | Assault (60.3) | Motor vehicle accident (17.5) | N/A |
Moshy et al. (2020) | 17 | Tanzania | 10:1 | Motorcycle crash (100) | N/A | N/A |
Mpiima et al. (2018) | 18 | Uganda | 7.7:1 | Road traffic accident (58) | Assault (38) | N/A |
Nwashindi et al. (2015) | 16 | Nigeria | 2:1 | Road Traffic Accident (80) | Fall (9%) | Assault (6) |
Nyameino et al. (2018) | 16 | Kenya | 5:1 | Road Traffic Accident (motorcycling) | N/A | N/A |
Obimakinde et al. (2017) | 18 | Nigeria | 3.4:1 | Road traffic collision (78.5). Motorcycle = 54.5 | Assault (19.7) | N/A |
Obimakinde et al. (2018) | 19 | Nigeria | 4:1 | Motorcycle collision (100) | N/A | N/A |
Oginni et al. (2016) | 19 | Nigeria | 4.4:1 | Road Traffic crashes (86.1%). Motorcycle crashes (67.5%) | Fall (N/A) | N/A |
Teshome et al. (2017) | 20 | Ethiopia | 4.02:1 | Interpersonal violence (75.8) | Road traffic collision (21.5%) | N/A |
Tsakiris et al. (2002) | 17 | South Africa | M>F, no specifics | A gunshot wound (100) | N/A | N/A |
Stanslaus (2017) | 16 | Tanzania | 6.7:1 | Motorcycle accident (100) | N/A | N/A |
Pillay et al. (2018) | 15 | South Africa | 2.6:1 | Interpersonal violence (55%) | Road Traffic Accidents (16%) | N/A |
Sohal et al. (2019) | 18 | Tanzania | 37.7:1 | RTA (Motorcycle) | N/A | N/A |
Stanford-Moore et al. (2022) | 14 | Rwanda | 16.9:1 | Road Traffic Accident (40.71). Motorcycle = 33.3 | Assault (29.6) | N/A |
Tekin and Ali 2021 | 20 | Somalia | 5:1 | Interpersonal violence (71.2), of which the majority was an explosion (24.4%) and assault (24.4%) | Sports accident (15.6%) | 71.2 |
Tugaineyo (2011) | 20 | Kenya | 4.6:1 | Road Traffic injury (61), motorcycle accident =31% followed by Motor vehicle accident = 22% | Interpersonal violence (27.6) | 27.6 |
Udeabor et al. (2012) | 15 | Nigeria | 5.3:1 | Road traffic accident (91.1), Motorcycle = 45.5% | Assault (4%) | N/A |