Skip to main content

Table 2 Beliefs concerning democracy in the USA

From: Single-year change in views of democracy and society and support for political violence in the USA: findings from a 2023 nationally representative survey

Statement

2022 Respondents (n = 12,947)

2023 Respondents (n = 9385)

Mean Difference,* 2022–2023

 

Unweighted n

Weighted % (95% CI) Mean score (95% CI)

Unweighted n

Weighted % (95% CI) Mean score (95% CI)

Unweighted n

Weighted % (95% CI) Mean score (95% CI)

When thinking about democracy in the United States these days, do you believe…

There is a serious threat to our democracy. (1)

9409

67.4 (66.3, 68.5)

6452

62.3 (60.9, 63.7)

9385

 − 5.2 (− 6.6, − 3.8)

There may be a threat to our democracy, but it is not serious. (2)

2640

23.5 (22.5, 24.5)

2253

28.0 (26.8, 29.3)

9385

4.7 (3.3, 6.2)

There is no threat to our democracy. (3)

780

7.7 (7.0, 8.4)

529

7.0 (6.2, 7.8)

9385

 − 0.7 (− 1.8, 0.3)

Non-response

118

1.4 (1.1, 1.7)

151

2.6 (2.1, 3.1)

9385

1.2 (0.7, 1.8)

Item score†

12,829

1.39 (1.38, 1.41)

9234

1.43 (1.41, 1.45)

9194

0.041 (0.022, 0.061)

How important do you think it is for the United States to remain a democracy?

Not important (1)

191

2.1 (1.8, 2.5)

261

4.0 (3.4, 4.6)

9385

1.8 (1.2, 2.5)

Somewhat important (2)

659

7.7 (7.0, 8.4)

570

9.7 (8.8, 10.7)

9385

2.2 (1.2, 3.3)

Very or extremely important (3)

12,003

89.0 (88.2, 89.8)

8448

84.6 (83.4, 85.7)

9385

 − 4.6 (− 5.6, − 3.5)

Non-response

94

1.2 (0.9, 1.4)

106

1.7 (1.3, 2.2)

9385

0.5 (0.0, 0.9)

Item score†

12,853

2.88 (2.87, 2.89)

9279

2.82 (2.80, 2.84)

9241

 − 0.064 (− 0.078, − 0.051)

Democracy is the best form of government

Do not agree (1)

595

5.8 (5.2, 6.4)

531

7.5 (6.7, 8.4)

9385

2.0 (1.1, 2.9)

Somewhat agree (2)

2396

23.1 (22.1, 24.1)

1765

24.1 (22.8, 25.3)

9385

1.1 (− 0.4, 2.5)

Strongly or very strongly agree (3)

9823

69.5 (68.5, 70.6)

6948

65.9 (64.5, 67.3)

9385

 − 3.9 (− 5.3, − 2.5)

Non-response

133

1.6 (1.3, 1.9)

141

2.5 (2.0, 3.0)

9385

0.8 (0.3, 1.3)

Item score†

12,814

2.65 (2.63, 2.66)

9244

2.60 (2.58, 2.62)

9191

 − 0.057 (− 0.075, − 0.039)

These days, American democracy only serves the interest of the wealthy and powerful

Do not agree (1)

3976

26.3 (25.4, 27.2)

2789

25.8 (24.6, 26.9)

9385

 − 1.0 (− 2.4, 0.3)

Somewhat agree (2)

4499

36.1 (35.0, 37.2)

3678

39.6 (38.2, 40.9)

9385

3.3 (1.6, 5.0)

Strongly or very strongly agree (3)

4354

36.2 (35.1, 37.3)

2781

32.2 (30.9, 33.5)

9385

 − 3.2 (− 4.7, − 1.7)

Non-response

118

1.4 (1.1, 1.7)

137

2.4 (1.9, 3.0)

9385

0.9 (0.5, 1.4)

Item score†

12,829

2.10 (2.08, 2.12)

9248

2.07 (2.04, 2.09)

9199

 − 0.020 (− 0.044, 0.003)

Having a strong leader for America is more important than having a democracy

Do not agree (1)

7921

56.2 (55.1, 57.3)

6219

59.6 (58.2, 61.0)

9385

3.0 (1.6, 4.4)

Somewhat agree (2)

2628

23.0 (22.1, 24.0)

1685

21.7 (20.5, 22.9)

9385

 − 1.5 (− 3.1, 0.0)

Strongly or very strongly agree (3)

2254

19.1 (18.2, 20.0)

1333

16.1 (15.0, 17.1)

9385

 − 2.3 (− 3.6, − 1.1)

Non-response

144

1.6 (1.3, 2.0)

148

2.6 (2.1, 3.2)

9385

0.8 (0.3, 1.3)

Item score†

12,803

1.62 (1.60, 1.64)

9237

1.55 (1.53, 1.57)

9182

 − 0.057 (− 0.079, − 0.035)

The 2020 election was stolen from Donald Trump, and Joe Biden is an illegitimate president

Do not agree (1)

8442

66.9 (65.8, 67.9)

6135

66.7 (65.4, 68.0)

9385

 − 1.0 (− 1.9, 0.0)

Somewhat agree (2)

1830

13.5 (12.8, 14.3)

1364

14.1 (13.1, 15.1)

9385

1.0 (0.0, 2.1)

Strongly or very strongly agree (3)

2502

17.9 (17.0, 18.7)

1729

16.7 (15.7, 17.7)

9385

 − 0.9 (− 1.8, 0.0)

Non-response

173

1.7 (1.4, 2.0)

157

2.5 (2.0, 3.0)

9385

0.9 (0.4, 1.4)

Item score†

12,774

1.50 (1.48, 1.52)

9228

1.49 (1.47, 1.51)

9164

0.001 (− 0.014, 0.015)

  1. *Among respondents to both surveys (n = 9385)
  2. Mean scores in 2022 and 2023 were scored using values indicated in the response lines for individual items. Non-responses were excluded from mean score calculations and differences in mean scores were computed in the subsample of respondents with non-missing responses in both years by computing within-individual change scores and averaging them, to account for the longitudinal study design. For computing differences in individual response levels, indicator variables were computed for each item for each response level and within-individual differences in these were computed and averaged in the subsample of respondents who responded to the survey in both years. This explains why the unweighted n for the mean differences varies