Skip to main content

Table 2 Association between social network size and violence

From: Social network size and endorsement of political violence in the US

 

PR (95% CI)

aPR (95% CI)a

Support for violence

Violence, in 1 + situations

  

Social connections

  

  0

0.95 (0.89, 1.01)

0.95 (0.89, 1.02)

  1–4 (Ref.)

--

--

  5–9

1.02 (1.00, 1.05)

1.02 (0.99, 1.04)

  10–19

1.04 (1.02, 1.07)

1.04 (1.01, 1.06)

  20–49

1.02 (0.99, 1.05)

1.01 (0.97, 1.04)

  50+

0.98 (0.93, 1.03)

0.96 (0.91, 1.01)

Political violence, in general

  

Social connections

  

  0

2.96 (1.87, 4.69)

2.43 (1.47, 4.01)

  1–4 (Ref.)

--

--

  5–9

0.59 (0.38, 0.93)

0.73 (0.46, 1.16)

  10–19

0.62 (0.36, 1.06)

0.80 (0.47, 1.37)

  20–49

0.72 (0.38, 1.37)

1.08 (0.57, 2.05)

  50+

1.18 (0.52, 2.65)

1.43 (0.67, 3.02)

Political violence, in 1 + situations

  

Social connections

  

  0

1.30 (1.11, 1.52)

1.14 (0.98, 1.34)

  1–4 (Ref.)

--

--

  5–9

0.94 (0.86, 1.03)

1.00 (0.92, 1.09)

  10–19

0.91 (0.82, 1.01)

0.99 (0.89, 1.10)

  20–49

0.94 (0.82, 1.06)

1.02 (0.90, 1.16)

  50+

1.22 (1.05, 1.41)

1.19 (1.03, 1.37)

Personal willingness to engage in political violence

Political violence, for 1 + type or target

  

Social connections

  

  0

1.31 (0.96, 1.79)

1.11 (0.81, 1.52)

  1–4 (Ref.)

--

--

  5–9

0.72 (0.59, 0.88)

0.82 (0.67, 1.00)

  10–19

0.86 (0.68, 1.08)

1.02 (0.81, 1.27)

  20–49

0.82 (0.62, 1.09)

1.02 (0.76, 1.36)

  50+

1.43 (1.05, 1.95)

1.52 (1.13, 2.04)

Political violence, organize group

  

Social connections

  

  0

1.76 (0.97, 3.17)

1.37 (0.74, 2.54)

  1–4 (Ref.)

--

--

  5–9

0.69 (0.44, 1.09)

0.85 (0.53, 1.34)

  10–19

1.02 (0.63, 1.67)

1.23 (0.75, 2.00)

  20–49

1.03 (0.56, 1.87)

1.41 (0.76, 2.61)

  50+

1.05 (0.50, 2.20)

1.15 (0.54, 2.44)

Political violence, as individual

  

Social connections

  

  0

1.29 (0.79, 2.09)

1.07 (0.65, 1.76)

  1–4 (Ref.)

--

--

  5–9

0.88 (0.65, 1.19)

0.99 (0.73, 1.33)

  10–19

0.94 (0.65, 1.35)

1.08 (0.75, 1.55)

  20–49

0.97 (0.65, 1.46)

1.18 (0.79, 1.77)

  50+

1.41 (0.90, 2.21)

1.43 (0.91, 2.25)

Political violence, as part of group

  

Social connections

  

  0

1.82 (1.07, 3.09)

1.47 (0.86, 2.53)

  1–4 (Ref.)

--

--

  5–9

0.62 (0.41, 0.95)

0.72 (0.47, 1.10)

  10–19

0.73 (0.45, 1.18)

0.88 (0.54, 1.44)

  20–49

0.93 (0.52, 1.67)

1.19 (0.66, 2.15)

  50+

1.04 (0.54, 1.98)

1.11 (0.57, 2.14)

  1. PR = prevalence ratio. aPR = adjusted prevalence ratio. CI = confidence interval
  2. aAdjusted for age, gender, income, education, employment, and political party affiliation